What is Spring Allergy? How Does It Pass and What Are The Symptoms?

Every year, when March arrives, the same picture repeats itself: sneezing attacks, a runny nose, a burning itch in the eyes and a feeling of tiredness that lasts all day long. Many people spend days mistaking these symptoms for the common cold; however, this picture, which lasts for weeks and recurs every spring at the same time, is most likely a harbinger of spring allergy, that is, seasonal allergic rhinitis. We observe that these complaints increase significantly in patients who apply to our outpatient clinic in Sultanbeyli and neighboring districts during the spring months. The good news is that with the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment approach, these symptoms can be largely controlled.

What is Spring Allergy?

Spring allergy is a seasonal allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to otherwise harmless substances such as pollen in the air. In the medical literature seasonal allergic rhinitis (MAR), also known as hay fever or pollen rhinitis. Symptoms occur especially in the spring when tree, grass and weed pollen gets into the air in large quantities. When the immune system recognizes this pollen as a threat, it releases a chemical substance called histamine, which triggers typical allergy symptoms by causing swelling of the nasal membranes, increased mucus and dilated blood vessels in the eyes.

It's an important point: An allergy is not an infection. Spring allergy is non-microbial and cannot be transmitted from one person to another. However, genetic predisposition plays an important role; the incidence is significantly higher in individuals with a family history of allergies.

Causes of Spring Allergy: Which Pollen Triggers It?

The main trigger for spring allergies is wind-borne pollen. In Turkey's climatic conditions, pollen originates from different plants depending on the season:

• March - April (tree pollen): Olive, sycamore, birch, poplar and cedar trees are the main sources during this period.
• May - June (grass and cereal pollen): This is the peak release period for grasses and wheatgrasses.
• July - September (weed pollen): Wormwood and other weeds affect these months.

In addition to pollen, house dust mites, mold fungi, animal dander and air pollution are among the factors that can exacerbate spring allergy symptoms. It is known that air pollution in big cities such as Istanbul can make existing allergy symptoms more severe.

The time of day is also important. Pollen is usually between 05.00 am - 10.00 pm and reaches its highest density in dry, windy weather. In rainy weather and in the evening hours, the air polonic load is significantly reduced.

What are the Symptoms of Spring Allergy?

Symptoms of spring allergy can vary from person to person; it can be mild or it can turn into a picture that seriously affects daily life. The most common symptoms are as follows:

Upper respiratory tract and nose:

• Frequent and repeated sneezing attacks
• Clear, watery nasal discharge
• Nasal congestion
• Itching inside the nose
• Tickling and itching in the palate and throat

Eyes (allergic conjunctivitis):

• Watery and tearing eyes
• Itching and redness
• Swelling of the eyelids

General symptoms:

• Headache due to filling of the sinuses
• Chronic fatigue and difficulty concentrating
• Deterioration in sleep quality (especially due to nasal congestion)
• Dry cough

Some people may also experience shortness of breath or wheezing. When these symptoms occur, it is recommended to consult a specialist immediately.

Attention: If you experience shortness of breath, chest tightness or wheezing, these symptoms may indicate allergic asthma. In this case, you should contact a healthcare provider as soon as possible.

Spring Allergy or Common Cold? How Can You Tell the Difference?

These two tables are often confused with each other. Here are the main differences that help to distinguish them:

Feature	Spring Allergy	Common Cold
Beginning	Sudden exposure to pollen	Gradual
Duration	For weeks, even months	7-10 days
Runny nose	Clear, juicy	Clear at first, then cloudy
Fire	Invisible	Mild fever may be present
Itching in the eyes	Frequent	Rarely
Repetition	At the same time every year	Random
Away from the allergen	Symptoms are reduced	Immutable

As a general rule, it is possible to say the following: If symptoms last longer than 10 days and recur every year in the same season, spring allergy is highly likely.

Expert Note from our ENT Unit: This is a situation we frequently encounter in our outpatient clinic: For years, patients think that “I always get colds in summer”. However, this picture is often seasonal allergic rhinitis. Especially in complaints such as recurrent runny nose, sneezing and itchy eyes between March and May every year, allergy testing clarifies the diagnosis and significantly facilitates the treatment process.

How is Spring Allergy Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of spring allergy begins with the evaluation of the patient's complaints, medical history and physical examination findings. If deemed necessary, the following tests may be performed:

1. Skin prick test (skin allergy test): In this test, which is applied to the forearm or back, small amounts of possible allergens are deposited on the skin. Redness and swelling within 15-20 minutes indicate sensitization to the substance. It is a reliable, rapid and widely used method.
2. Specific IgE blood test (RAST test): By measuring IgE antibodies specific to certain allergens in the blood, it is determined which pollens cause a reaction. It is preferred when a skin test cannot be performed.
3. Nasal provocation test: In more specific cases, evaluation is performed by applying the suspected allergen directly to the nasal mucosa.

Accurate diagnosis prevents unnecessary use of medication and personalizes the treatment plan. For this reason consult a specialist when you experience your symptoms instead of diagnosing yourself highly recommended. KBB Unit experienced physicians who can assess this issue.

Spring Allergy Treatment: Methods and Process

The goal of spring allergy treatment is twofold: to reduce exposure to allergens and to control symptoms. The treatment plan is individually determined by your physician based on the severity of your symptoms, your living conditions and your general health.

Pharmacological Treatment (Drug Therapy)

• Antihistamines These drugs block the release of histamine and reduce symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes and itchy skin. Second-generation antihistamines cause fewer problems in terms of drowsiness side effects. They should be used according to your doctor's advice.
• Nasal corticosteroid sprays: These sprays to reduce intranasal inflammation are an effective option for the treatment of nasal congestion and runny nose. With regular use, the effect begins to be felt within a few days. It is not addictive; however, it should not be used unless directed by a physician.
• Eye drops Antihistamine or anti-inflammatory eye drops can be used for symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis (allergic eye inflammation).
• Leukotriene-modifying agents: It may be preferred especially in cases where nasal obstruction and asthma symptoms are present together.
• Oral corticosteroids: It is only used in severe and refractory cases, for a short period of time and under the supervision of a physician.

Immunotherapy (Allergy Vaccine)

Allergy vaccination is the only treatment option for patients seeking a long-term and permanent solution. Small allergen-specific doses are administered to the body at regular intervals so that the immune system can tolerate the allergen. Immunotherapy is especially considered in the following cases:

• Severe symptoms that cannot be controlled with medication
• Discomfort from side effects of medicines
• Persistence of allergy symptoms for at least two seasons or 6 months

Allergy vaccination is not recommended for children under 5 years of age, people with severe asthma and people with certain chronic diseases. Appropriateness assessment must be performed by a specialist physician.

Saline Nasal Irrigation (Nasal Irrigation)

Regular nasal washing with physiological saline (saline) can help relieve symptoms by removing pollen adhering to the nasal mucosa. As an adjunct, it complements medication.

Daily Precautions to Avoid Spring Allergies

Reducing exposure to allergens can significantly alleviate the severity of symptoms. Practical measures that can be applied in everyday life include

• Avoid going outside as much as possible in the morning (especially between 05.00-10.00) and in dry, windy weather when pollen is high.
• When you come home from outside, take a shower, change your clothes and wash your face with plenty of water.
• Keep windows closed when sleeping and during peak hours; use HEPA filters in air conditioners and air purifiers.
• When traveling by car, keep the windows closed, prefer air conditioning.
• Choose indoor spaces for sports and exercise.
• Avoid drying clothes outside; pollen easily sticks to fabrics.
• A brimmed hat and sunglasses can help protect your eyes.

Expert Note from our Ophthalmology Unit: It is of great importance to distinguish between allergic conjunctivitis and infectious conjunctivitis (microbial eye inflammation) in patients who experience intense itching, redness and watering of the eyes in spring. Although the appearance of the two conditions is similar, their treatments are different. The habit of scratching the eye can increase the risk of infection. For this reason, it is not recommended to use eye drops without a doctor's assessment when eye symptoms are severe.

Spring Allergy in Children

Spring allergy is not specific to adults; it is also common in children. However, the symptoms may appear in different ways from time to time. Common symptoms in children are as follows:

• Persistent runny nose and sneezing
• Frequent rubbing of the eyes
• Distraction in classes and decline in school success
• Sleep disturbance due to nasal congestion at night
• Fatigue and restlessness

Although rare in children under 2-3 years of age, symptoms may be seen if there is a family history of allergy. In children, the diagnosis and treatment plan should be evaluated separately in an age-appropriate manner. Pediatric Health and Diseases Unit, serves with its expert staff on allergy evaluation in children.

Risks of Untreated Spring Allergy

If the symptoms are mild, trying to get over it by saying “it will pass anyway” can lead to serious problems in the long term. Spring allergy that is not treated or managed properly can lead to the following complications:

• Chronic sinusitis: Persistent nasal congestion and mucus accumulation can cause chronic inflammation of the sinus cavities. This condition, which is characterized by headaches, a feeling of pressure on the face and intense fatigue, significantly reduces the quality of life.
• Allergic asthma: It is well documented in the medical literature that allergic rhinitis is an important risk factor in the development of asthma. In cases of coexisting allergic rhinitis and asthma, the upper and lower airways should be evaluated together.
• Eustachian dysfunction and middle ear problems: Nasal congestion can affect the Eustachian tube (the canal that connects the ear to the nose), causing a feeling of fullness and pressure in the ear and, at times, difficulty hearing.
• Sleep disturbance and reduced work/school productivity: Chronic fatigue, difficulty concentrating and reduced sleep quality are among the most obvious effects of untreated allergy on quality of life.

Therefore Even if symptoms are mild, it is important to consult a specialist and start appropriate treatment.

Nutrition and Lifestyle in Spring Allergy

Dietary and lifestyle changes are not the primary treatment for spring allergy, but can provide complementary support. General recommendations to support the immune system include the following:

• Increased consumption of foods rich in vitamin C (citrus fruits, red peppers, broccoli)
• Omega-3 fatty acids (fish, flaxseed) may be supportive due to their anti-inflammatory effects
• Adequate sleep and regular rest
• Reduce or stop smoking and alcohol consumption (both aggravate allergy symptoms)
• Stress management; the negative effects of chronic stress on the immune system are known

The effectiveness of these methods may vary from person to person and is not a substitute for medical treatment. Nutrition and lifestyle adjustments should be considered as a supportive element of the treatment plan determined by the physician.

You can apply to the ENT Unit of Sana Medical Center

To assess your spring allergy symptoms, get allergy testing or review your current treatment ENT (Ear Nose Throat) Unit You can easily apply through the online appointment system. When necessary Eye Diseases Unit and Child Health Unit coordinated assessment can be carried out.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

When does spring allergy start and how long does it last?

In Turkey, spring allergy symptoms usually start in March with an increase in tree pollen. Grass pollen reaches its peak in May-June and weed pollen in July-August. Therefore, symptoms can last from March to September, depending on the type of pollen to which the person is sensitive. Early diagnosis and treatment can make this process more comfortable.

Which doctor should I see for spring allergy?

If symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing and runny nose are at the forefront, consult an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) specialist; if eye symptoms are severe, consult an Ophthalmologist; if children have complaints, consult a Pediatrician. All relevant units within Sana Medical Center serve under a single roof.

Do insurances cover treatment for people with spring allergies?

Sana Medical Center is contracted with many private health insurances. To find out your insurance coverage when making an appointment You can send us your insurance information or contact us directly.

Is allergy vaccination (immunotherapy) suitable for everyone?

No, allergy vaccination is not suitable for all patients. Severe asthma patients, children under 5 years of age and people with certain chronic diseases are not included in this treatment. The assessment of suitability is made by a specialist and the vaccination process requires regular follow-up.

Does spring allergy go away permanently?

It is not always possible to completely eliminate allergies, but long-term treatments such as immunotherapy can significantly reduce symptoms. Symptoms can also be largely controlled with appropriate medication and prevention measures. It is recommended that this process, which varies from person to person, is managed by a specialist.

Can spring allergy medicines be used during pregnancy?

Allergy symptoms may increase or decrease during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Before using any medication during this period, the safest treatment method should be determined in consultation with the gynecologist and ENT specialist. Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit coordinated assessment of allergy management in pregnancy.

Can spring allergy develop into asthma?

Yes, untreated or unmanaged allergic rhinitis is an important risk factor for developing asthma. Especially when symptoms such as shortness of breath or wheezing are added, a specialist should be consulted immediately.

You Don't Have to Shoot in the Same Season Every Year

Spring allergy is a common health problem, affecting millions of people in Turkey every year. However, every year that is postponed with the thought that “I will pass this season too” increases the risk of complications and reduces the quality of life. With early diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan, spring can be one of the best times of the year.

The second important takeaway is this: Spring allergy and cold symptoms can be confused with each other. If your symptoms last longer than two weeks, do not respond to medication and recur at the same time every year, it is important to be evaluated by a specialist.

Conclusion: Early diagnosis ensures both the timely initiation of appropriate treatment and the prevention of complications such as allergic asthma and chronic sinusitis.

Sana Medical Center for Spring Allergy in Sultanbeyli

Sana Medical Center in Sultanbeyli, Istanbul, has an experienced team of physicians who evaluate many allergy-related conditions, especially seasonal allergic rhinitis, within the ENT, Ophthalmology and Pediatrics units. The entire examination, allergy diagnostic tests and treatment process can be carried out in a single center.

Many patients from Sultanbeyli and nearby Pendik, Ümraniye, Kartal and Tuzla apply to our outpatient clinic with spring allergy complaints. Our hospital, which is located in a central location in terms of transportation on the Anatolian Side of Istanbul, has an agreement with many private health insurances. You can carry out your treatment process together with your insurance coverage.

You can easily make an appointment through our online appointment system or call us to have your spring allergy symptoms evaluated, request an allergy test or review your current treatment. To create your appointment our online appointment system you can use it.